Preheat your oven to 160℃ (140℃ fan/325℉). Line a 12-cup muffin tin with cupcake liners.
Spread the pistachios onto a baking sheet and roast for 8-10 minutes until lightly golden and fragrant. Allow to cool.
Place the pistachios in a small food processor (or blender) and pulse until they resemble a course flour. Be careful not to over-process or you'll end up with a pistachio paste.
In a medium mixing bowl, combine the ground pistachios with the other dry ingredients: cake flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt.
In a separate mixing bowl, use a hand mixer to cream the softened butter for about 2 minutes, or until pale and creamy. Then add the sugar and beat until light and fluffy. Add the whole egg, vanilla extract, and almond extract, and mix until just combined.
Add roughly ⅓ of the flour mixture to the wet ingredients, followed by ⅓ of the buttermilk. Mix until just combined, scraping down the sides of the bowl as needed. Repeat this process twice more.
In a clean, separate bowl, beat the egg whites until stiff peaks form. Gently fold the whipped egg whites into the cake batter, being careful not to overmix.
Distribute the batter between the 12 cupcake liners, filling each about ⅔ of the way. Bake for 20-25 minutes, or until a toothpick comes out clean. Allow to cool in the tin for about 5 minutes before transferring the cupcakes to a wire rack.